9.1 Australia - The Urban Nation

Questions 1 - 12

1. Urban Sprawl is the movement of urban centres outwards to reduce population density.

2. Urban consolidation is when land within existing city's boundary is developed with high-rise apartment complexes, town houses and villa developments. 

3. A highly urbanised country is when majority of the population live in urban centres. 

4. Australia is a highly urbanised country because, it has a high population density, a high proportion of the population working in manufacturing and/or professional or service related industries and it is a centre of business, trade, tourism, entertainment and finance. 

5. The main cities of Australia are all located on the coast due to historical reasons, easier transport linking to rivers and harbours. 

6. Population density is the amount of people located per square kilometre. This is linked to urban sprawl as the population density shows how much urban sprawl has occurred. 

7. Australian cities have very small population density compared to other capital cities of the world. 

8. Urban consolidation is an advantage  over urban sprawl as it allows to have greater population density in a smaller area. 

9. Urban planners have had to be innovative in their design of apartments and new estates to manage the impacts of population growth in cities. 

10. a) Melbourne

b) Population density is calculated by dividing population by land area. 

c) Population Density - 1. Sydney, 2. Melbourne, 3. Adelaide, 4, Wollongong, 5. Perth, 6. Gold Coast, 7. New Castle, 8. Canberra, 9. Brisbane, 10. Gosford

d) 80%

11. The construction of the apartments in this area will have caused many issues to the residents of the detached houses. The creation of high rise apartments would have caused the loss of views and the increase of noise within a once quiet suburb. An example of some residents in stress over high rise apartments is "no high rise in Ku-ringai". 

12. There are many advantages of having a housing estate is the freedom. Freedom of having more space, having a backyard and not being concerned of sharing a wall with others. A disadvantage is that you have no view and the facilities available in apartments are not available to you.